The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the French league winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice late to take a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to seal a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.